{"id":746,"date":"2020-07-02T02:36:08","date_gmt":"2020-07-01T18:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/?p=746"},"modified":"2020-07-02T02:36:08","modified_gmt":"2020-07-01T18:36:08","slug":"c%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%8d%81%e5%a4%a7%e6%8e%92%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/?p=746","title":{"rendered":"\u5341\u5927\u6392\u5e8fC\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>0 \u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/sort.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In-place\uff1a\u5360\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\nOut-place\uff1a\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58<br \/>\n\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u540e 2 \u4e2a\u76f8\u7b49\u952e\u503c\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6392\u5e8f\u4e4b\u524d\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u76f8\u540c<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u6240\u6709\u6392\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\u6765\u4e3e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5927\uff0c\u5c31\u4ea4\u6362\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e24\u4e2a\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u5bf9\u76f8\u90bb\u5143\u7d20\u4f5c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u5f00\u59cb\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bf9\u5230\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5bf9\u3002\u8fd9\u6b65\u505a\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u9488\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u91cd\u590d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6301\u7eed\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bf9\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u6700\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8f6e\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u4e2d\u662f\u65e0\u9700\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/bubbleSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u4e00\u5171\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c<code>len-1<\/code>\u8f6e\u5192\u6ce1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u662f<code>len-1<\/code>\uff1b\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u679a\u4e3e\u672a\u6392\u597d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u4e8e\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<code>O(n*n)<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void bubble_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    int temp;\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++)\n    {\n        for (int j = 0; j &lt; len - i - 1; j++)\n        {\n            if (arr[j] &gt; arr[j + 1])\n                temp = arr[j], arr[j] = arr[j + 1], arr[j + 1] = temp;\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u5192\u6ce1\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u53f3\u5230\u5de6\u5192\u6ce1\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void bubble_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    int temp;\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++)\n    {\n        for (int j = len - 1; j &gt; i; j--)\n        {\n            if (arr[j] &lt; arr[j - 1])\n                temp = arr[j], arr[j] = arr[j - 1], arr[j - 1] = temp;\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2 \u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u904d\u5386\u4e00\u904d\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\uff08\u6216\u6700\u5927\uff09\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/selectionSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u4e00\u5171\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386<code>n-1<\/code>\u6b21\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570\u4e3a<code>n-1<\/code>\uff1b\u5185\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6ca1\u6709\u6392\u597d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u5c0f\uff08\u6216\u6700\u5927\uff09\u503c\uff1b\u627e\u5230\u6700\u503c\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<code>O(n*n)<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void selection_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++)\n    {\n        int maxindex = 0, temp;\n        for (int j = 0; j &lt; len - i; j++)\n        {\n            if (arr[j] &gt; arr[maxindex])\n                maxindex = j;\n        }\n        temp = arr[maxindex], arr[maxindex] = arr[len - i - 1], arr[len - i - 1] = temp;\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void selection_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++)\n    {\n        int minindex = len - 1, temp;\n        for (int j = len - 1; j &gt;= i; j--)\n        {\n            if (arr[j] &lt; arr[minindex])\n                minindex = j;\n        }\n        temp = arr[minindex], arr[minindex] = arr[i], arr[i] = temp;\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3 \u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u4ece\u4e0b\u68071\u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386x\uff0cx\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5411\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u5217\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57x\uff0c\u5728x\u5de6\u8fb9\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5982\u679c<code>arr[j]<\/code>\u5927\u4e8e<code>x<\/code>\uff0c\u5c06<code>arr[j]<\/code>\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u51fa\u6700\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u5927\u4e8e<code>x<\/code>\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c06<code>x<\/code>\u653e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/insertionSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<code>O(n*n)<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void insertion_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    for (int i = 1; i &lt; len; i++)\n    {\n        int j = i - 1, x = arr[i];\n        while (j &gt;= 0 &amp;&amp; x &lt; arr[j])\n        {\n            arr[j + 1] = arr[j];\n            j--;\n        }\n        arr[j + 1] = x;\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u679a\u4e3e<code>x<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void insertion_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    for (int i = len - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--)\n    {\n        int j = i + 1, x = arr[i];\n        while (j &lt; len &amp;&amp; x &gt; arr[j])\n        {\n            arr[j - 1] = arr[j];\n            j++;\n        }\n        arr[j - 1] = x;\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4 \u5e0c\u5c14\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>5 \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5bf9\u5c0f\u6570\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7b49\u4e8e1\u62162.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/mergeSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<code>O(n*log(n))<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void merge_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    \/\/\u9012\u5f52\u51fa\u53e3\n    if (len == 1)\n        return;\n    if (len == 2)\n    {\n        if (arr[0] &gt; arr[1])\n            arr[0] = arr[0] + arr[1], arr[1] = arr[0] - arr[1], arr[0] = arr[0] - arr[1];\n        return;\n    }\n    \/\/\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\n    int *arr1 = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * len \/ 2);\n    int *arr2 = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * (len - len \/ 2));\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len \/ 2; i++)\n        arr1[i] = arr[i];\n    for (int i = len \/ 2; i &lt; len; i++)\n        arr2[i - len \/ 2] = arr[i];\n    \/\/\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\n    merge_sort(arr1, len \/ 2);\n    merge_sort(arr2, len - len \/ 2);\n    \/\/\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\n    int i = 0, j = 0, index = 0;\n    for (; i &lt; len \/ 2 &amp;&amp; j &lt; len - len \/ 2; index++)\n    {\n        if (arr1[i] &lt; arr2[j])\n            arr[index] = arr1[i++];\n        else\n            arr[index] = arr2[j++];\n    }\n    \/\/\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\n    while (i &lt; len \/ 2)\n        arr[index++] = arr1[i++];\n    while (j &lt; len - len \/ 2)\n        arr[index++] = arr2[j++];\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>6 \u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u503cx\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u4ece\u4e24\u5934\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u628a\u5c0f\u4e8ex\u7684\u548c\u5927\u4e8ex\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u76f8\u9047\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5de6\u8fb9\u90fd\u5c0f\u4e8ex\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u90fd\u5927\u4e8ex\u3002\u6700\u540e\u628ax\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u4e2a\u6570\u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u4e24\u8fb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/quickSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6`O(n*log(n))<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void quick_sort(int arr[], int begin, int end)\n{\n    if (begin &gt;= end)\n        return;\n    int target = arr[begin];\n    int left = begin + 1, right = end, temp;\n    while (left &lt; right)\n    {\n        if (arr[left] &lt;= target)\n            left++;\n        else if (arr[right] &gt;= target)\n            right--;\n        else\n            temp = arr[left], arr[left] = arr[right], arr[right] = temp;\n    }\n    if (arr[left] &gt;= target)\n        left--;\n    temp = arr[left], arr[left] = arr[begin], arr[begin] = temp;\n    quick_sort(arr, begin, left);\n    quick_sort(arr, left + 1, end);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5feb\u6392\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6bcf\u6b21\u5bfb\u627e\u4e2d\u95f4\u90a3\u4e2a\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a<code>target<\/code>\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8003\u8651<code>target<\/code>\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6700\u540e<code>target<\/code>\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void quick_sort(int arr[], int begin, int end)\n{\n    if (begin &gt;= end)\n        return;\n    int target = arr[(begin + end) \/ 2];\n    int left = begin, right = end, temp;\n    while (left &lt; right)\n    {\n        while (arr[left] &lt; target)\n            left++;\n        while (arr[right] &gt; target)\n            right--;\n        if (left &lt;= right)\n        {\n            temp = arr[left], arr[left] = arr[right], arr[right] = temp;\n            left++, right--;\n        }\n    }\n    quick_sort(arr, begin, right);\n    quick_sort(arr, left, end);\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>7 \u5806\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6807\u8bb0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u904d\u5386\u8ba1\u6570\u6570\u7ec4\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/countingSort.gif\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">void counting_sort(int arr[], int len)\n{\n    int maxv = arr[0], minv = arr[0];\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len; i++)\n    {\n        if (arr[i] &gt; maxv)\n            maxv = arr[i];\n        if (arr[i] &lt; minv)\n            minv = arr[i];\n    }\n    int *vis = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * (maxv - minv + 1));\n    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(int) * (maxv - minv + 1));\n    for (int i = 0; i &lt; len; i++)\n        vis[arr[i] - minv]++;\n    int index = 0;\n    for (int i = minv; i &lt;= maxv; i++)\n    {\n        while (vis[i - minv])\n        {\n            vis[i - minv]--;\n            arr[index++] = i;\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>9 \u6876\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>10 \u57fa\u6570\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f85\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>0 \u5bf9\u6bd4 In-place\uff1a\u5360\u7528\u5e38\u6570\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58 Out-place\uff1a\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u5185\u5b58 \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u540e 2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[10,51],"class_list":["post-746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-algo","tag-c","tag-51"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=746"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/746\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.guanhaobo.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}